歐陸風雲—五分地中海有其三

After Ariarathes V has been deposed from the Cappadocian throne by the Seleucid king Demetrius I Soter and has fled to Rome， the new king of Cappadocia， Orophernes， sends two ambassadors to Rome to join the Seleucid emissaries of Demetrius in opposing Ariarathes V‘s return to power。 Despite their efforts， Ariarathes V is restored to his throne by the Romans。 However， Rome allows Orophernes to reign jointly with him。 The joint government， however， does not last long， as Ariarathes V becomes sole king of Cappadocia shortly afterwards。

Ariarathes五世被塞留古國王德米特里烏斯一世趕下卡帕多西亞王位，逃到羅馬。此後，卡帕多西亞新王Orophernes向羅馬派遣兩名使者，與德米特里烏斯的使者一道反對Ariarathes五世回國掌權。儘管如此，羅馬還是將Ararathes五世重新扶上王位。然而，羅馬允許Orophernes和他進行共治。但不久之後Ariarathes五世成為卡帕多西亞唯一的王，這個共治也就終結了。

Jonathan Maccabeus is recognised by the Seleucids as a minor king within their dominions。

塞琉古承認Jonathan Maccabeus為掌管其地的屬王。

Under the command of Punicus and then Cesarus， the Lusitani， a Hispanic tribe， reach a point near modern day Gibraltar。

在Punicus及之後Cesarus的指揮下，西班牙部落呂西塔尼亞人抵達今天直布羅陀附近的某處。

As part of the Roman efforts to fully conquer and occupy the whole of Illyria， a Roman army attacks the Dalmatians for the first time and conquers the Dalmatian capital of Delminium。 As a result， the Dalmatians are compelled to pay tribute to Rome， which puts an end to the first Dalmatian war。

在羅馬完全征服、佔領整個伊比利亞的行動中，一支羅馬軍隊首次進攻了達爾馬提亞人，征服了達爾馬提亞首都Delminium。因此，達爾馬提亞不得不向羅馬納款，結束了第一次達爾馬提亞戰爭。

The Lusitanians harry the inhabitants of the Roman provinces in Hispania。 At the same time， the Celtiberians of Numantia on the Douro revolt against their Roman occupation。

呂西塔尼亞人劫掠了羅馬的西班牙行省。同時，Douro河附近Numantia的凱爾特伊比利亞人也起來反抗羅馬佔領。

The Seleucid king Demetrius I Soter’s relations with Attalus II Philadelphus of Pergamum and Ptolemy VI Philometor of Egypt deteriorate to the point where they support a rival claimant to the Syrian throne， Alexander Balas， who claims to be the son of the former Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes and， therefore， a first cousin of Demetrius。

塞琉古國王德米特里烏斯一世與帕加馬阿塔盧斯二世以及埃及托勒密六世之間的關係惡化了。為此，帕加馬和埃及扶持了一個敘利亞王位的僭稱者亞歷山大·巴拉斯。他聲稱自己是先王安條克四世的兒子，也是德米特里烏斯的第一代堂兄弟。

The pretender to the Seleucid throne， Alexander Balas， makes contact with Jonathan Maccabeus offering him terms even more favorable than those offered by the king Demetrius I Soter。 In particular， Alexander offers him the official appointment as High Priest in Jerusalem。 In response， Jonathan withdraws his support from Demetrius and declares his allegiance to Alexander。

塞琉古王位覬覦者亞歷山大·巴拉斯與Jonathan Maccabeus達成約定，向後者提供了比德米特里烏斯一世更優厚的條件。亞歷山大特別向Jonathan提出他將正式任命後者為耶路撒冷的高階祭司。於是Jonathan不再支援德米特里烏斯，向亞歷山大效忠。

Roman armies arrive in Hispania and begin the process of subduing the local population。 The revolt of the Celtiberians of Numantia is stopped。

羅馬軍隊抵達西班牙，開始降服當地人。努曼提亞的凱爾特伊比利亞人停止了反抗。

The Romans defeat the Lusitanians in a major battle in Hispania。 They then break the promise to the defeated Lusitanian rebels by instituting a massacre of 9，000 of their number during the peace talks。 Later 20，000 more Lusitanians are sold as slaves in Gaul。

羅馬人在西班牙的一場大戰中擊敗了呂西塔尼亞人。之後他們並沒有遵守對已失敗呂西塔尼亞反抗軍的承諾，在和談期間戮戕了9000名反抗軍，另有20000多呂西塔尼亞人在高盧被賣為奴。

The pretender to the Seleucid throne， Alexander Balas， who claims to be the son of the late Antiochus IV， defeats the Seleucid king， Demetrius I Soter， in battle and kills him。

塞琉古王位的覬覦者，自稱是安條克四世之子的亞歷山大·巴拉斯在陣中擊敗塞琉古國王德米特里烏斯，後者陣亡。

The Third Punic War begins。 The Romans land an army in Africa to begin the Battle of Carthage。

第三次布匿戰爭爆發。羅馬軍隊登陸非洲，迦太基之戰開始。

The turmoil in Spain escalates again with the renewal of the Lusitanian War under the leadership of Viriathus。

西班牙糜爛局勢再次升級。在Viriathus領導下，呂西塔尼亞戰爭再度爆發。

In 148， Andriscus conquered Thessaly and made an alliance with Carthage， thus bringing the Roman wrath on him。

公元前148年，馬其頓統治者Andriscus征服了色薩利，並與迦太基達成聯盟，

羅 馬 激 怒。

Demetrius II of Syria returns to Syria （approximate date）。

敘利亞的德米特里烏斯二世返回敘利亞（大約時間）。

Jonathan Maccabaeus conquers Joppa。

Jonathan Maccabaeus征服海法。

Macedonia becomes a part of the Roman republic。

馬其頓成為羅馬共和國的一部分。

With Carthage and Greece conquered， Rome becomes the sole superpower in the Mediterranean world， a distinction it will continue to hold for approximately the next 600 years。

隨著羅馬對迦太基和希臘的征服，羅馬成為地中海世界的唯一超級大國，他將在接下來的約600年中，一直維持這一榮耀。

In the Battle of Antioch， Ptolemy VI Philometor defeats the Seleucid usurper Alexander Balas， but dies in the battle。

安條克之戰中，托勒密六世擊敗了塞琉古僭越者亞歷山大·巴拉斯，但是他陣亡了。

Ptolemy VII becomes king of Egypt briefly， then is assassinated by Ptolemy VIII。

托勒密七世短暫統治，然後就被托勒密八世刺殺了。

Parthians take Babylonia。

帕提亞人佔領巴比倫尼亞。

After open war reignited in 143， Rome sent a series of generals to the Iberian peninsula to deal with the Numantines。 In that year， the Roman forces tried and failed to take the city by siege， but subjugated all the other tribes of the Arevaci。

前143年，努曼提亞戰爭再起，羅馬派出多位將軍到伊比利亞半島對付努曼提亞人。當年，羅馬軍隊未能攻下努曼提亞，但降服了Arevaci的其它部落。

Diodotus Tryphon seizes the throne of the Seleucid Empire。

迪奧多特斯·特里豐奪取了塞琉古王位。

Demetrius II of Syria made prisoner of Mithridates， king of the Parthians who occupies the city of Selucia。

敘利亞的德米特里烏斯二世成為帕提亞國王米特里達斯的階下囚，米特里達斯佔領了塞琉西亞。

Simon Maccabaeus crowned king of Judea。

Simon Maccabaeus加冕為猶太國王。

With Demetrius gone， his brother， Antiochus VII Sidetes， left his home in Rhodes and married the wife of Demetrius， Cleopatra Thea， further legitimizing his position。 Tryphon’s support began to deteriorate with Antiochus now the leader of the Seleucid dynastic faction in the empire。 Antiochus successfully pushed back Tryphon’s forces and besieged him in the fortress-city of Dor on the coast。

德米特里烏斯被俘後，他的兄弟安條克七世離開自己在羅德島的家，迎娶了德米特里烏斯的妻子Cleopatra Thea，進一步鞏固了自己的正統地位。隨著安條克成為塞琉古帝國正統派的首腦，周邊對特里豐的支援不斷降低。安條克成功將特里豐軍隊趕了回去，將特里豐圍困在海邊的要塞城市Dor。

The Lusitanian War ends when the rebellion collapses after the assassination of Viriathus by a Roman agent。

羅馬間諜刺殺了Viriathus，之後抵抗勢力崩潰，呂西塔尼亞戰爭結束。