animal farm（動物莊園）英文原版筆記-第三章
第一句
Sometimes the work was hard； the
implements
had been designed for human beings and not for animals， and it was a great
drawback
that no animal was able to use any tool that
involved
standing on his
hind
legs
.
有時，工作起來很困難：工具是為人設計的，而不是為動物設計的，沒有動物能夠使用那些需要只靠兩條後腿站著才能使用的東西，這對他們來說是個很大的障礙。
As for the horses， they knew every inch of the field， and in fact understood the business of
mowing
and
raking
far better than Jones and his men had ever done。
至於馬，他們瞭解每一吋土地，事實上，他們比瓊斯和他的僱工更精通割草和耕地。
mow ★☆☆☆☆
1。VERB 動詞（用割草機）割，刈 If you mow an area of grass， you cut it using a machine called a lawn mower。
He continued to mow the lawn and do other routine chores。
他繼續剪草坪，並做些其他日常雜務。
rake
2。VERB 動詞 耙松；耙平 If you rake a surface， you move a rake across it in order to make it smooth and level。
Rake the soil， press the seed into it， then cover it lightly。。。
將土耙松，把種子種在土裡，然後輕輕地蓋上土。
The pigs did not actually work， but
directed
and
supervised
the others。 With their
superior
knowledge it was natural that they should
assume
the
leadership
。
豬其實並不工作，但卻對其他動物進行指導和監督。博聞強識的他們理所當然地擔當著領導職務。
Even the ducks and hens
toiled
to and
fro
all day in the sun， carrying tiny
wisps
of
hay
in their
beaks
。
就連鴨子和雞也整天在太陽下面忙碌地來回奔跑，每次都用他們的嘴銜一點點牧草。
toil
n。 苦工；辛苦；網；圈套
vi。 辛苦工作；艱難地行進
vt。 費力地做；使…過度勞累
fro adv。 向後；向那邊
wisp n。 小捆；小束 vt。 把…捲成一捆 vi。 捲成一捆
第二句
Every
mouthful
of food was an
acute
positive pleasure， now that it was truly their own food， produced by themselves and for themselves， not
doled
out to them by a
grudging
master。 With the
worthless
parasitical
human beings gone， there was more for everyone to eat。
每一口食物都是一種無與倫比的享受，因為這是真正屬於他們自己的食物，是自己為自己生產的，而不是吝嗇的主人發給他們的。隨著那些寄生的人們的離去，動物們有了更多的食物。
dole 失業救濟金
→詞源同deal， 分發，分配，發配。引申義施捨或失業救濟金。
parasitical adj。 寄生的，食客的
chaff n。 穀殼，切碎的乾草或稻草，逗弄，打趣，無價值的東西
第三句
He had made an arrangement with one of the
cockerels
to call him in the mornings half an hour earlier than anyone else and would put in some volunteer labour at whatever seemed to be most needed， before the regular day’s work began。 His answer to every problem， every
setback
， was ‘I will work harder！’ —— which he had adopted as his personal
motto
。
他和一隻小公雞達成一個協定，每天早晨提前半小時叫醒他，在日常工作開始前就自願做一些急需的工作。對每一個難題，每一次挫折，他的回答都是“我會更加努力工作！”——這句話已經成為了他的座右銘。
cockerel
1。N-COUNT 可數名詞小公雞 A cockerel is a young male chicken。
【語域標籤】：mainly BRIT 主英
But everyone worked according to his
capacity
。
但是每個動物都按照它們的能力工作。
Nobody stole， nobody
grumbled
over his rations， the quarrelling and biting and jealousy which had been normal features of life in the old days had almost disappeared。Nobody
shirked
—— or almost nobody。
沒有誰偷吃，也沒有誰再為口糧而抱怨，過去那些習以為常的爭吵、撕咬和嫉妒再也見不到了。沒有動物——或者說幾乎沒有動物。
shirk
1。VERB 動詞逃避，規避（責任、義務）；偷懶
第四句
But she always made such excellent excuses， and
purred
so
affectionately
， that it was impossible not to believe in her good intentions。
但她卻總能找到絕好的理由，而且她熱情體貼的喉音讓人不得不相信她的用意是好的。
He did his work in the same slow
obstinate
way as he had done it in Jones’s time， never
shirking
and never volunteering for extra work either。
像瓊斯時期一樣，他依舊慢慢吞吞的幹活，從不偷懶，也不會自願承擔額外的工作。
obstinate adj。 固執的；頑固的， 倔強的
難克服的， 不易去除的
obstinate a 頑固的（ob反 stin ate=［和別人］反著站=頑固的）
the others had to be
content
with this
cryptic
answer。
其他動物也只好接受如此神秘的回答。
cryptic ★☆☆☆☆
1。ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副詞或介詞片語修飾的形容詞有隱含意義的；含義隱晦的
第五句
Breakfast was an hour later than usual， and after breakfast there was a
ceremony
which was
observed
every week without fail。 First came the
hoisting
of the flag。
早餐會比通常晚一個小時，早餐後是一個每週都有的儀式。首先是升旗。
After the hoisting of the flag all the animals
trooped
into the big
barn
for a general
assembly
which was known as the Meeting。
升旗儀式結束後，所有動物列隊到大谷倉參加一個被稱為“動物大會”的會議。
Here the work of the coming week was planned out and resolutions were put forward and
debated
。
會上將計劃未來一週的工作，並提出和討論各項決議。
debate vt。 辯論，爭論，討論 vi。 辯論，爭論，討論 n。 辯論；辯論會
debate v 辯論，討論（de加強 dat e=加強打擊=反駁，辯論）
bat=beat，表示”打，擊”
batter v 連續猛打（bat ter常表示連續動作，如stutter口吃）
abate v 減少，減輕（a不bat e=不再打擊=減輕［痛苦］等）
debate v 辯論，討論（de加強 dat e=加強打擊=反駁，辯論）
rebate v 減少，回扣（re回 bat e=打回去的［東西］=回扣）
combat n 戰鬥（com共同 bal=共同=共同打=戰鬥）
baton n 棍，警棍（bat on）
battle n 戰鬥（batt le）
battalion n 營（batt alion表名詞=打的［隊伍］=部隊的營）
The other animals understood how to vote， but could never think of any resolutions of their own。
其他動物知道如何表決，但從來沒有想過要親自提出一項議題。
第六句
The pigs had set aside the
harness
-room as a
headquarters
for themselves。
豬已經把農具室當作他們的總指揮部了。
Here， in the evenings， they studied black-
smithing
，
carpentering
and other necessary arts from books which they had brought out of the farmhouse。
晚上，他們在這裡，透過從農舍裡拿來的書籍，學習打鐵、木工和其他必要的技能。
He was
indefatigable
at this。
為這些他不知疲倦。
indefatigable
1。ADJ 形容詞 不倦的；不屈不撓的；堅持不懈的 You use indefatigable to describe someone who never gets tired of doing something。
【語域標籤】：FORMAL 正式
fatig=weary （疲倦）
fatigue 疲勞
indefatigable 不知疲倦的
Benjamin could read as well as any pig， but never exercised his
faculty
。
本傑明和豬讀得一樣好，但從來沒有發揮過自己的本領。
After much thought Snowball declared that the Seven Commandments could in effect be reduced to a single
maxim
，
namely
： ‘Four legs good， two legs bad’。
經過一番深思熟慮，斯諾鮑宣佈七誡實質上可以簡化為一條準則，即“四條腿好，兩條腿壞”。
maxim ★☆☆☆☆
1。N-COUNT 可數名詞信條；格言；箴言
Whoever had thoroughly grasped it would be safe from human influences。
誰完全掌握了它，誰就可以免受人類影響的威脅。
‘A bird’s wing，
comrades
，’ he said， ‘is an organ of
propulsion
and not of
manipulation
。 It should therefore be regarded as a leg。 The
distinguishing
mark of Man is the hand， the instrument with which he does all his
mischief
。’
“同志們，鳥類的翅膀，”他說，“是一個推進前行的器官，而不是用來操縱的器官。因此它也應該被看做是腿。這與人類的標誌——手是不同的，那是他們作惡的器官。”
第七句
and often as they lay in the field they would all start
bleating
‘Four legs good， two legs bad！ Four legs good， two legs bad！’
經常躺在地上咩咩的叫“四條腿好，兩條腿壞！四條腿好，兩條腿壞！”
It happened that Jessie and Bluebell had both
whelped
soon after the hay harvest， giving birth between them to nine
sturdy
puppies
。 As soon as they were
weaned
Napoleon took them away from their mothers。
whelp
1。N-COUNT 可數名詞幼獸（尤指幼犬或狼崽） A whelp is a young animal， especially a young dog or wolf。
【STYLE標籤】：OLD-FASHIONED 過時
sturdy adj。 強健的；堅定的；健全的
n。 ［醫］羊暈倒病
wean vt。 使斷奶；使斷念；使放棄
n。 （蘇格蘭）幼兒
He took them up into a
loft
which could only be reached by a
ladder
from the harness-room， and there kept them in such
seclusion
that the rest of the farm soon forgot their existence。
他把他們帶到閣樓裡，那間閣樓只有透過農具室的梯子才能上去。處在這樣與世隔絕的狀態下，莊園裡其他動物很快就忘記了他們的存在。
第八句
The early apples were now ripening， and the grass of the orchard was
littered
with
windfalls
。
早茬蘋果已經熟了，草地上滿是被風吹落的果實。
At this some of the other animals
murmured
， but it was no use。
一些動物為此喃喃的抱怨，但這沒有用。
