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精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

作者:由 元亨利貞 發表于 娛樂時間:2022-10-29

Lesson 49

The ideal servant

理想的僕人

2018-05-05

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

Listen to the tape then answer the question below。

聽錄音,然後回答以下問題。

It is a good thing my aunt Harriet died years ago。

xxx是一件好事怎麼說?

It is a good thing xxx

If she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants。

虛擬語氣怎麼說?

If she ware xxx she would xxx

發表在xxx話題上的看法?

air her views on topic of xxx

Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to do housework。

生活在xxx年代,那個年代yyy

live in that leisurely age when yyy

悠閒的年代怎麼說?

leisurely age

比如生活在戰亂紛爭的年代:live in that war-fighting age when

She had a huge, rambling country house called ‘The Gables’。

一個被稱之為xxx的房子怎麼說?

a so called xxx house (錯!)

英語的表達是喜歡先說主題,說以應該先說房子,再說名字

a country house called ‘xxx’

山牆怎麼說?

gables

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband‘s death。

對xxx的情感難捨難分怎麼說?

sense not able to dispatch錯!

was sentimentally attached to his house 用情感豐富 依附在房子上 來表達難捨難分。 sentimentally attached to。 英語的表達說對xxx 情感難捨難分,喜歡講幾個表達的主客體來形容。 比如she house,然後用一些詞語來link這兩個主體,比如現在是要說情感的難捨難分,就說she的多情地附屬到house,來說明she對房子xxx 用主客體+帶有副詞的動詞來表達。

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

注意將sentimentally和那種“愛不釋手” “依依不捨”類似的感覺腦補一下,這樣可以深刻的記憶sentimentally的意思。 按照龍飛虎的理論,需要將單詞和具體的感覺建立直接的link,“一個盒子兩條路”

比如她對那本書的情感難捨難分怎麼說?

she was sentimentally attached to the book

對什麼的情感

儘管xxx,但是yyy怎麼說?

for even though xxx,yyy (注意沒有but)

太大怎麼說?

far too big

對於某人來講太大怎麼說?

英語會先說主要的事兒——太大,然後說客體

far too big for her needs(對於某人不是for sb,而是用了for her needs)

執拗的住在那裡怎麼說?任然怎麼說?

persisted in living

在他丈夫去世之後很久,他任然xxx 怎麼說?

英語的表達對於時間這個概念,喜歡放到最後說時間,但是地點喜歡提前說。這似乎是一種文化,是一種不同的世界觀。 事情本身比時間更重要。 沒有那麼委婉。

不是: after his husband dead for a long time,she still xxx

而是:she persisted in living there long after her husband’s death。 時間狀語放在之後

在xxx去世很久之後 怎麼說?

是一個主體 一個對比詞語long after

long after xxxx

long after her husband‘s death

比如 在他考試結束之後很久怎麼說?

long after her ended exam(說一個名詞)

xxx之後很久怎麼說?

不是 after xxx for a long time (這是中式表達方式)

而是 long after xxx 其中xxx是一個名詞 或者一個狀態。

Before she grew old, Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly。

年輕的時候怎麼說?

Before she grew old

比如年輕的時候 我們都很懵懂

Before we grew old, we were ignorant

招待別人怎麼說?

entertain

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

鋪張浪費怎麼說?

將lavish 和鋪張浪費緊密聯絡到一起。

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

I often visited The Gables when I was boy。 No matter how many guests were present, the great house was always immaculate。

不管xxx,yyy總是zzz?

No matter xxx,yyy was walways zzz

賓客出席怎麼說?

guests were persent

整潔的怎麼說?

clean 錯!

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

將immaculate和乾淨想聯絡。 想到乾淨就想到immaculate

這種詞語imm一般都是反義

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

大房子怎麼說?

greate house

The parquet floors shone like mirrors; highly polished silver was displayed in gleaming glass cabinets; even my uncle’s huge collection of books was kept miraculously free from dust。

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

鋪了木地板的地面怎麼說?

the parquet floors 以後看到木地板 就要想到parquet

潔如明鏡怎麼說?

shone like mirrors (閃閃發光來表達乾淨)

擦得發亮的怎麼說?

highly polished silver(擦得發亮的銀器) 用高度擦拭來表達 擦得發亮。一個是中文的比喻,一個是英文的直接!

這裡似乎體現的文化是:“用什麼拖地最乾淨?“ —— “用力” 的這種態度哲學。 highly polished

陳列在怎麼說?

was displayed in xxx

玻璃櫃怎麼說?

glass cabinets

明亮的玻璃櫃怎麼說?

gleaming glass cabinets

以後看到明亮 想到什麼? gleaming

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

就像辦公室的小隔間叫做:cubicle

大量藏書怎麼說?

huge collection of books

一塵不染怎麼說?

keey free from dust

奇蹟般地怎麼說?

以後看到奇蹟般地 就要想到miraculously

keep miraculously free from dust。 注意這裡是修飾的keep。 以後需要使用這種奇蹟般的,就使用在動詞後面。英語的表達似乎離不開動詞 各種豐富的語言特性似乎都需要動詞這個平臺。

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

比如他奇蹟般地完成了任務。

He miraculously finished task(這是中文的表達方式,英語的表達方式喜歡先說主體,然後表達成都)

He finished the task miraculously

Aunt Harriet presided over an invisible army of servants that continuously scrubbed, cleaned, and polished。

統治著軍隊怎麼說?

preside over army

xxx大軍怎麼說?

army of xxx

比如army of servants 傭人大軍

比如army of 川A 川A大軍(指川A車牌的大軍)

劉鄧大軍 army of liudeng

一隻xxx的yyy大軍

an army of servants that continously yyy。 一隻不停yyy的傭人大軍

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

She always referred to them as ‘the shifting population’, for they came and went with such frequency that I never even got a chance to learn their names。

流動人口怎麼說?

the shifting population

稱為怎麼說?

called ? 錯

更好: referred to them as xxx

她稱他們為xxx:

she call them as xxx 錯

she referred to them as xxx(歸類到 來表達 稱之為 這似乎是一種更高階的表達方法)

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

她常常稱他們為xxx,因為他們yyy 怎麼說?

she always referred them as (不是to) xxx, for they yyy (不是使用的because,可以理解為 緣由 而不是用因為, 感覺because用在那種還沒有表達一種狀態,就先用“因為xxx,所以yyy”, 而這裡是 “yyy,緣由xxx”)

我甚至沒機會xxx怎麼說?

I never even get a chance to xxx(這句話要記住,肯定可能經常用到)

獲得他們的名字怎麼說?

learn their names(這裡不是get,感覺英語的智慧就體現出來,name 是需要learn 不是study 不是get ,是需要learn)

Though my aunt pursued what was, in those days, an enlightened policy, in that she never allowed her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a day, she was extremely difficult to please。

sb“堅持貫徹”怎麼說?

sb pursued xxx(以後看到堅持貫徹 就要洋相pursued ,看到pursued 就要想到堅持貫徹 那種感覺 那種“黨性”)

what從句如何代替一個名詞

sb pursued what xxx

what從句中如何加入插入語 當時

sb pursued what was, in those days, xxx(xxx是名詞)

開明政策怎麼說?說一個人很開明怎麼說?

不是open。 而是enlightened policy。

開明的君主:

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

what從句表達的主語如何進一步使用從句修飾?

sub pursued what was, in those days, an enlightened policy, in that xxxx(感覺這裡的clause是用來修飾policy的,

這一句話有點複雜,本來是表達 堅持一種xxx的有yyy作用的policy,然後用what從句來表達。英語喜歡把主語先表達出來,然後雕琢。

比如這裡就是 aunt pursued what 從句, 然後what就管了所有的

記住這個複雜的what表達主語的從句,新增修飾句的句子。 xxx what xxx, in that xxx

傭人怎麼說?

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

很難開心怎麼說?

diffcult to happy?

she was extremely difficult to please

這句話有點難。 我的理解是: to please 。就好比英語口語中的懇求有: please~~~~ (腦補那種scenario)。感覺這裡有一種英語的語言藝術在裡面,現在還不懂

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

While she always criticized the fickleness of human nature, she carried on an unrelenting search for the ideal servant to the end of her days, even after she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie。

人的本性怎麼說?

human nature

人的本性的朝三暮四怎麼說?

the fickleness of human nature

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

持之以恆的做某事怎麼說?

she persist?

she carried on an unrelenting search for xxx

carried on an unrelenting xxx for

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

在他的餘生裡怎麼說?(或者說知道他死去怎麼說)

to the end of her days

即使在xxx之後怎麼說?

even after she xxx

被sb大大的傷害怎麼說?

sadly disillusioned by sb (英語喜歡先說主語)

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

Bessie worked for Aunt Harriet for three years。

sb1為sb2工作怎麼說?

sb1 worked for sb2

xxx幹了三年怎麼說?

xxxx for three years

During that time she so gained my aunt‘s confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff。

在那段時間怎麼說?

During that time

贏得別人的賞識怎麼說?

she gained my aunt’s confidence

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

如此xxx以至於xxx怎麼說?

she so xxx that xxx

she so gained my aunt‘s confidence that she was xxx

當上關鍵怎麼說?

put in charge of the domestic staff

Aunt Harriet could not find words to praise Bessie’s industriousness and efficiency。

不知道用什麼言語來讚揚xxx 怎麼說?

sb could not find words to praise xxx

勤奮和高效怎麼說?

industriousness and efficiency

In addition to all her other qualifications, Bessie was an expert cook。

除了其他本領外 怎麼說?

In addition to all her other qualifications

烹飪大師(出色的廚師) 怎麼說?

expert cook

She acted the role of the perfect servant for three years before Aunt Harriet discovered her ‘little weakness’。

扮演某個角色怎麼說?

act the role of xxx

xxx3年怎麼說?

for three years

在xxx三年之後,發生了xxx怎麼說?

不是xxx after three years,而是 英語的表達方式,先表達需要表達的core point。

而是: she xxx for three years before Aunt Harriet discovered her ‘little weakness’。

使用這種 兩件事情的先後關係 action A before action B

After being absent from the Gables for a week, my aunt unexpectedly returned one afternoon with a party of guests and instructed Bessie to prepare dinner。

一個星期沒有住在山牆 怎麼說?

(所有關於時間的 需要置後 漢語中看到之後都需要放在cause tail) 形成迴路 —— 多久 放到 tail 然後在head 表達 after 還是before

being absent form xxx for a week。

出其不意的回來怎麼說?

unexpected returned

比如在下午出其不意的回來,在表達時間的時候先說回來,然後說下午

帶來一大批客人怎麼說?

xxx with a party of guests

吩咐sb做xxx 怎麼說?

instructed sb to xxx

準備晚飯怎麼說?

prepare dinner

No only was the meal well below the usual standard, but Bessie seemed unable to walk steadily。

不但……還……

No only was xxx, but xxx 注意這裡不是not only

使用的時候回使用倒裝句。

遠不如xxx怎麼說?

well below the xxx

平時的水準怎麼說?

the usual standard

路都走不穩或者說 走路東倒西歪怎麼說?

unable to walk steadily

She bumped into the furniture and kept mumbling about the guests。

撞到傢俱怎麼說?

bumped into the furniture

不斷xxx怎麼說?

keep xxxing

嘟噥客人怎麼說?

mumble about the guests

When she came in with the last course —— a huge pudding —— she tripped on the carpet and the pudding went flying through the air, narrowly missed my aunt, and crashed on the dining table with considerable force。

最後一道菜怎麼說?

the last course(course有 課程也有一道菜的mean)

在地攤上絆了一跤怎麼說?

tripped on the carpet

布丁飛到半空怎麼說?

pudding went flying through the air

從xxx身邊擦肩而過怎麼說?

narrowly missed my aunt

砸在餐桌上怎麼說?

crashed on the dining table

狠狠地?

with considerable force。

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

Though this caused great mirth among the guests, Aunt Harriet was horrified。

引起歡笑怎麼說?

caused great mirth(不是happy 而是mirth,這個詞語是一種mirth那種feel)

在客人當中怎麼說?

among the guests

說到驚駭的那種感覺,需要想到什麼詞語(腦補scenario)?

horryified

She reluctantly came to the conclusion that Bessie was drunk。

那種嫌棄的不情願用什麼表達?

reluctantly

精讀《新概念英語(3)》-Lesson 49- The ideal servant

sb 認定xxx 或者說 可以判定xxx 怎麼說?

she came to conclusion that xxx

sb 喝醉了怎麼說?

sb was drunk

The guests had, of course, realized this from the moment Bessie opened the door for them and, long before the final catastrophe, had had a difficult time trying to conceal their amusement。

客人自然意識到可以怎麼用倒樁強調的方式進行表達?

The guests had, of course, realized xxxx

從xxx那一刻開始怎麼說?

from the moment xxx

為某人開門怎麼說?

open the door for them

clause要表達一個時間狀語從句插入到另外一句話的and之後怎麼加入?

and, long before the final catastrophe, xxxx

在最後悲劇發生前的好長一段時間裡怎麼說?

long before the final catastrophe

努力剋制怎麼說?

不是hard

而是had a diffcult time trying to conceal

沒笑出來怎麼說?

conceal their amusement

The poor girl was dismissed instantly。

如何形容一個落魄的person,

The poor girl or boy

被解僱怎麼說?

be dismissed instantly

After her departure, Aunt Harriet discovered that there were piles of empty wine bottles of all shapes and sizes neatly stacked in what had once been Bessie‘s wardrobe。

形容解僱的幾個狀態。

被解僱的說法是: be dismissed

表達某種狀態的解僱是:after her departure

一堆怎麼說?

piles of xxx

各種形狀和大小的酒瓶怎麼說?

wine bottles of all shapes and sizes

整潔的堆放怎麼說?

neatly stacked

what從句如何代表一個thing?(這個會經常使用這種方式)

neatly stacked in what xxxx

neatly stacked in what had once been Bessie’s wardrobe

曾經是貝西的衣櫃

had once been Bessie‘s wardrobe

They had mysteriously found their way there from the wine cellar!

神不知鬼不覺地xxx怎麼說?

mysteriously xxx

酒窖怎麼說?

wine cellar

從xxx到了這兒怎麼說?

found their way there from xxx

New words and expressions 生詞和短語

rambling

adj。 雜亂無章的

sentimentally

adv。 感情上,多情地

immaculate

adj。 清潔的,無汙點的

lavishly

adv。 慷慨地,大方地

parquet

n。 鑲木地板

gleam

v。 發亮,閃光

preside

v。 指揮

invisible

adj。 看不見的,無形的

scrub

v。 擦拭,刷洗

enlightened

adj。 開明的

fickleness

n。 變化無常

unrelenting

adj。 不屈不撓的,不鬆懈的確良

disillusion

v。 使幻想破滅的

qualification

n。 資格,能力

mirth

n。 歡笑,高興

stack

v。 整齊地堆放

cellar

n。 地窖

參考譯文

我的姑媽哈麗特好多年前就去世了,這倒是件好事。如果她活到今天,她將不能就她熱衷的話題“傭人”發表意見了。哈麗特生活在一個悠閒的年代,家務事都由僱來的傭人代勞。她在鄉下有一幢巨大雜亂的房子,叫作“山牆莊園”。她對這幢房子在感情上難捨難分。房子實在太大了,但在丈夫去世多年後,她仍然執意長年住在那兒。哈麗特姑媽年輕時,喜歡大擺宴席,招待賓客。我小時候常去“山牆莊園”作客。不管去多少賓客,大房子裡總是收拾得乾乾淨淨。鑲木地板潔如明鏡,擦得發亮的銀器陳列在明亮的玻璃櫃裡,連姑夫的大量藏書也儲存得很好,奇蹟般地一塵不染。哈麗特姑媽統率著一支看不見的傭人大軍,他們不停地擦拭、清掃、刷洗。她稱這些傭人叫“流動人口”,因為他們來匆匆,所以我甚至都沒有機會知道他們的姓名。姑媽待傭人在當時算是開明的,從來不讓傭人每天工作超過8小時,但他們很難使她稱心如意。她一方面總是批評人的本性朝三暮四,另一方面她又持之以恆地尋找一個理想的傭人。即使在貝西大大地傷她的心之後,她還在找,一直到她死去。

貝西在哈麗特家幹了3年。在此期間,她贏得了姑母的賞識,甚至當上了大管家。哈麗特不知該用什麼言辭來讚揚貝西的勤奮與高效。貝西除了有各種本領以外,還是一個烹飪大師。她擔任“理想僕人”角色3年之後,哈麗特終於發現她有“小小的弱點”。一次,姑媽有一個星期沒在“山牆莊園”住。一天下午,她出其不意地回來了,帶來一大批客人,吩咐貝西準備晚飯。結果,不僅飯菜遠不如平時做得好,而且貝西走起路來似乎東倒西歪。她撞到了傢俱上,嘴裡還不斷咕咕噥噥議論客人。當她端著最後一道菜――一大盤布丁――走進屋來時,在地毯上絆了一跤。布丁飛到半空,從姑母身邊擦過,然後狠狠地砸在餐桌上。這件事引起了客人們的歡笑,但哈麗特卻著實嚇了一跳。她不得不認定貝西是喝醉了。客人們自然從貝西為他們開門那一刻起就看出來了,在好長一段時間裡,即最後這個亂子發生前,他們努力剋制才沒笑出聲來。貝西當即被解僱了。貝西走後,哈麗特姑媽發現在貝西以前用過的衣櫃裡整整齊齊地放著一堆堆形狀各導、大小不一的酒瓶子。這些酒瓶神不知鬼不覺地從酒窖來到了這裡。

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