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【雅思大作文講解】動物權益Animal Rights

作者:由 英斯爾國際 發表于 文化時間:2022-08-08

今天給大家講解有關【動物權益Animal Rights】的雅思Task 2大作文,

作文範文來自Simon

首先我們來看題目:

Nowadays animal experiments are widely used to develop new medicines and to test the safety of other products。 Some people argue that these experiments should be banned because it is morally wrong to cause animals to suffer, while others are in favour of them because of their benefits to humanity。 Discuss both views and give your opinion。

【雅思大作文講解】動物權益Animal Rights

【題目分析】

背景:

動物實驗廣泛應用於研發新藥物及測試其他產品的安全性。

觀點:

反對者認為動物實驗存在道德錯誤,動物為此遭受苦難;支持者認為動物實驗有利於人類發展。

寫作要求:

討論正反兩種觀點,並給出自己的觀點。

本題是典型的雅思正反觀點型別作文。在寫此類作文時,第一段應對題目的背景進行

改寫

,並直接表明自己的觀點(for or against)。

例如本例文反對動物實驗:

【改寫】It is true that medicines and other products are

routinely

tested on animals before they

are cleared for

human use。 【觀點】

While I tend towards the viewpoint that

animal testing is morally wrong,

I would have to support a limited amount of

animal experimentation for the development of medicines。

第一句話對背景進行了改寫,直接更換了主語,從“動物實驗用於研發新藥“改為”藥物在動物身上做實驗,然後獲批供人類使用。

此處可以學習routinely的用法,柯林斯中的解釋為:

If something is routinely done, it is done as a normal part of a job or process。 例行地; 常規性地,

此處可以理解為”藥物慣常是在動物身上進行測試的“。

同時還需留意clear的熟詞僻意,此處牛津詞典的解釋為

to give or get official approval for sth to be done 批准;准許;得到許可

,此處等於approve。

例文的觀點為有所保留的形式,並非全盤否定或肯定,而是

整體持否定態度,但支援少部分動物實驗

。此處可以學習觀點的表達方式:While I tend towards the viewpoint that。。。, I would have to support。。。(雖然我認為,但。。。)

由於本文觀點是部分反對,因此正文部分需先闡明反對的原因,再表達支援的原因,我們來看第二段該如何行文:

On the one hand, there are some

clear ethical arguments against

animal experimentation。

To use a common example of this practice

, laboratory mice may be given an illness so that the effectiveness of a new drug can be measured。

Opponents of

such research argue that humans have no right to subject animals to this kind of trauma, and that the lives of all creatures should be respected。

They believe that

the benefits to humans do not

justify

the suffering caused,

and that

scientists should use alternative research methods。

首先,表明觀點,動物實驗顯然存在倫理爭議。此處用ethical替換moral,against即表示反對。

英語作文強調錶達的豐富性

,因此動物實驗可以用animal experimentation/experiment/testing等多種方式來表達。

英語作文強調言之有物,因此需舉出例項,學習此處舉例的表達方式:To use a common example of this practice。

本文的例子為實驗室老鼠。要想測試新藥物的有效性,老鼠得被迫患病,那麼反對的聲音認為人類無權讓老鼠遭受苦痛(subject sb to trauma),應該敬畏生命(respect the lives of all creatures)。

此處可以學習subject的動詞用法。根據牛津詞典,subject sb/sth to sth:

to make sb/sth experience, suffer or be affected by sth, usually sth unpleasant 使經受;使遭受。

那反對者還持什麼觀點呢?那自然是苦難和收益不成正比嘛,我們看英文的地道表達是如何說的,the benefits do not justify the suffering caused(此處casued為後置定語)。

那不能光反對,還得提出做法,即科學家應當尋求替代的(alternative)研究方式。

在第三段,範文進一步闡述了部分支援的原因,我們來看是如何行文的:

On the other hand

, reliable alternatives to animal experimentation may not always be available。

Supporters of

the use of animals in medical research believe that a certain amount of suffering

on the part of

mice or rats can be justified if human lives are saved。

They argue that(等於前文的They believe)

opponents of such research

might feel differently

if a member of their own families needed a medical treatment that had been developed through the use of animal experimentation。

Personally, I agree with

the banning of animal testing for non-medical products, but I feel that it may be a necessary evil where new drugs and medical procedures

are concerned

首先,第一句話表明態度,可靠的替換方式可能難以獲得。此處注意alternative後加to,表示什麼的替代品。同時available是一個很靈活的小詞,表示 things that you can get, buy or find 可獲得的;可購得的;可找到的,推薦使用。

接著表達支持者的觀點,即只要能挽救人類生命,進行部分動物實驗是可取的(justified)。此處支持者用supporter,也可以用advocate;反對者即opponent。此處justified是一個很地道的小詞,牛津詞典釋義existing or done for a good reason 事出有因;合乎情理。on the part of表示things made or done by sb 由某人所為,此處意味老鼠遭受的痛苦(suffering on the part of mice)。

支持者還認為反對者就是站著說話不腰疼,要是自己家人需要動物實驗的藥物,他們肯定就改變立場了。此處可以瞭解一下雅思大作文的寫作技巧,不僅可以給例子,還可以反對對方的觀點。

最後,作者表達了個人觀點,反對非藥物實驗,支援新藥物實驗,a necessary evil不可避免的災禍。

在第三段,範文進一步闡述了部分支援的原因,我們來看是如何行文的:

On the other hand

, reliable alternatives to animal experimentation may not always be available。

Supporters of

the use of animals in medical research believe that a certain amount of suffering

on the part of

mice or rats can be justified if human lives are saved。

They argue that(等於前文的They believe)

opponents of such research

might feel differently

if a member of their own families needed a medical treatment that had been developed through the use of animal experimentation。

Personally, I agree with

the banning of animal testing for non-medical products, but I feel that it may be a necessary evil where new drugs and medical procedures

are concerned

首先,第一句話表明態度,可靠的替換方式可能難以獲得。此處注意alternative後加to,表示什麼的替代品。同時available是一個很靈活的小詞,表示 things that you can get, buy or find 可獲得的;可購得的;可找到的,推薦使用。

接著表達支持者的觀點,即只要能挽救人類生命,進行部分動物實驗是可取的(justified)。此處支持者用supporter,也可以用advocate;反對者即opponent。此處justified是一個很地道的小詞,牛津詞典釋義existing or done for a good reason 事出有因;合乎情理。on the part of表示things made or done by sb 由某人所為,此處意味老鼠遭受的痛苦(suffering on the part of mice)。

支持者還認為反對者就是站著說話不腰疼,要是自己家人需要動物實驗的藥物,他們肯定就改變立場了。此處可以瞭解一下雅思大作文的寫作技巧,不僅可以給例子,還可以反對對方的觀點。

最後,作者表達了個人觀點,反對非藥物實驗,支援新藥物實驗,a necessary evil不可避免的災禍。

最後,進行總結,總結即再次闡述個人觀點,注意表達多樣性即可。

In conclusion, it seems to me that it would be wrong to

ban testing on animals for vital medical research

until

equally effective alternatives have been developed。

作者認為,對於重要醫學研究禁止動物實驗會因小失大,得不償失,所以得先找同等有效的替代措施。

那麼今天的範文講解就到這裡啦,如果想獲得雅思課程的全面備考指導,歡迎留言或後臺私信,獲取英斯爾學院優質的線上課程輔導~

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