GRE是個啥？GRE到底考什麼？【深度剖析GRE+最全科普文】

GRE備考學生都非常關心GRE到底是個啥？GRE考試到底考什麼？

今天，真經GRE就將用一篇將近萬字的文章來給大家做一個完整的科普，並且會深度幫你剖析GRE。

看完之後你將會對GRE備考更有方向和方法，能為你的備考節約很多時間，建議收藏！三連也不是不可以~

首先，GRE考試是區別於託福或者雅思考試的，託福雅思考試是

語言類考試

，側重考查考生的英語語言能力，從

聽說讀寫

四個方面進行測試。這兩個考試也是為了證明到了國外之後，能夠適應語言環境，保證能夠聽懂教授講課。

而GRE考試是側重於考查學術和邏輯能力的

，也就是說，這個考試不考察英語語言，而是考查基於英語的學術邏輯推理等方面的能力，更類似於一箇中國學生考高考語文的感覺：

雖然文字都認識，但是也不能保證分數很高。

-

GRE考試分兩種： GRE普通考試（General Test）和GRE專業考試（Subject Test）。

考生需要根據自身的條件和申請學校的要求參加其中一項或雙項考試。

一般我們平常所說的GRE考試都是指General Test

，絕大多數中國學生最常參加的也是GRE普通考試。

GRE考試在全球超過160個國家設有1000多個考點。目前全球絕大多數國家，GRE普通考試（General Test）均採用

機考形式

，包括寫作Analytical Writing、語文Verbal、數學Quantitative三部分，考試時長3小時45分（包括中間休息時間）。

GRE考試的做題順序有2種情況，一開始都是先寫作文，

Issue在前，argument在後

，各有30分鐘的時間，作文寫完以後開始做V和Q的題目，這個時候會出現2種順序：

第一種

：AW+V+Q+V+Q+V+Q

第二種

：AW+Q+V+Q+V+Q+V

做完一個V和Q以後，可以自願選擇是否休息10分鐘。

一個V的時間是30min，共20個題，填空閱讀各有10題；一個Q的時間是35min，共20題。

兩種情況都會有一個section是加試，第一種就是加試Q，第二種就是加試V，

但是不能判斷哪一個部分是加試，所以大家在做題的時候，都要全力以赴，不要有僥倖的心理哈。

考試結束後當場會顯示V和Q的分數，這個分數和最後成績單的成績是完全一致的，GRE寫作分數大概會在考試結束後10天左右出來，到時候可以在ETS官網查詢。

關於GRE大陸和非大陸地區的具體

查分方法

，看這篇：

⭐關於GRE分數與算分規則

分數範圍：寫作分數0-6分，語文分數130-170分，數學分數130-170分。

很多同學好奇GRE的算分規則，到底對多少題得多少分？其實這個問題沒有一個固定答案，因為GRE考試是自適應的，所以如果第二個section的難度不同，題目正確的數量和最後分數之間的關係也是變化的。

目前雖然ETS沒有公佈，但是從大部分學生分數判據來看：

1、第一個section對0-6個，第二個section進入easy；

2、第一個section對7-12個，第二個section進入medium；

3、第一個section對13-20個，第三個section進入hard。

一、GRE 語文（verbal）算分

1、同樣是verbal對了20個題

如果是第一個section對15個，第二個section對5個，那麼你的verbal分數很可能是155；

如果是第一個section對10個，第二個section對10個，那麼你的verbal分數很可能是152；

如果是第一個section對5個，第二個section對15個，那麼你的verbal分數很可能是148。

2、每個section對的題目數量一樣，分數也可能不一樣

比如我就看到同樣是第一個section對8個，第二個section對6個。

分數就有146，147和148三種情況。

如果你想算你的分數，可以去公眾號張巍老師GRE的對話方塊裡輸入【數字+數字】

分別代表第1個section和第2個section的正確題目數量，系統會自動彈出你的分數，例如輸入

【10+15】，系統會彈出10+15=156。

二、GRE

數學（quantitative）算分：

扣的分數=錯的題數-1

例如，錯4個題，大約扣3分，一般有1個題的容錯率，錯1個題可能依然是170。

⭐

GRE如何報名

大家可以看下面這兩篇文章，裡面詳細的說明了GRE線下和線上考試的具體報名方式：

接下來就分別來講一下GRE各科：

一、GRE語文Verbal

Verbal包含兩部分：填空和閱讀。

⭐GRE

填空

▶

GRE填空題型：

單空題、雙空題、三空題、六選二

▶

核心考點：

1、詞彙能力

，詞彙是GRE填空的基礎，決定了你的分數下限，包括一詞多義、熟詞僻義等。

2、理解能力

，注意字詞與概念的區分與對應。

3、邏輯能力（考試重中之重）

，主要考察句子之間、句子成分之間的關係

4、資訊的提取與對應

，注意物件、特徵和邏輯的三要素提取，做題時從頭讀到尾，邊讀邊翻譯是不行的。

GRE考察的所謂理解能力，不僅是字面意思和語法的含義，更注重的是深層意思和詞義的辨析。所以一定不能腦補太多、主觀臆斷以及過度推斷，一切以邏輯和事實說話。

▶ GRE

填空備考資料：

1、GRE鎮考3000詞

2、GRE鎮考機經詞7。0

3、GRE等價詞彙總+韋氏詞典

4、GRE填空機經1400題

關於GRE填空更詳細的提分方法和技巧，可以看這篇文章：

關於如何背GRE單詞，這裡有4大背詞法：

▶ GRE填空題型分類展示：

單空題：

It is a paradox of the Victorians that they were both _____ and， through their empire， cosmopolitan。【選自真經GRE填空機經1400題】

A。 capricious

B。 insular

C。 mercenary

D。 idealistic

E。 intransigent

雙空題：

The （i）_____ of molecular oxygen on Earth-sized planets around other stars in the universe would not be （ii）_____ sign of life： molecular oxygen can be a signature of photosynthesis （a biotic process） or merely of the rapid escape of water from the upper reaches of a planetary atmosphere （an abiotic process）。 【選自真經GRE填空機經1400題】

A。 dearth

D。 a controversial

B。 presumption

E。 an unambiguous

C。 detection

F。 a possible

三空題：

此題型多為hard難度的題，想要衝刺高分的同學要努力哦

The skin of the poison dart frog contains deadly poisons called batrachotoxins。 But the （i）_____ of the toxins has remained an enigma， as the frog does not （ii）_____ them。 Now an analysis suggests that the melyrid beetle is the source。 Collected beetle specimens all contained batrachotoxins， suggesting that these beetles are （iii）_____ by the frogs。 【選自真經GRE填空機經1400題】

A。 effect

D。 pressure

G。 eaten

B。 origin

E。 produce

H。 neutralized

C。 purpose

F。 suffer from

I。 poisoned

六選二等價題：

此題型在考試中佔了填空40%的題目，要求從選項中選出同義詞，這就需要對同義單詞要有比較精準的掌握。 為此真經GRE專門出了一份資料叫《等價詞彙總》，專門將GRE填空機經中的所有六選二題型中的等價詞進行了彙總， 背完了這個詞表，在考試中六選二成為了可以“秒選”的題型了噢。此資料可以去公眾號【張巍老師GRE】直接下載

The political upheaval caught most people by surprise： despite the _____ warnings of some commentators， it had never seemed that imminent。 【選自真經GRE填空機經1400題】

A。 stern

B。 prescient

C。 prophetic

D。 indifferent

E。 repeated

F。 apathetic

————————

⭐GRE

閱讀

GRE閱讀題型：

短閱讀、長閱讀、邏輯單題

GRE閱讀是以題型為導向的考試，

不能等同於雅思託福的閱讀，因為雅思託福是考察同義替換，所以你會發現，如果同義替換來做GRE閱讀，只能解決一小部分題目。

且GRE閱讀不需要像填空那樣額外去背很多單詞，前提是你雅思託福的基本單詞要認識。

GRE閱讀真正考的不是單詞，而是邏輯。

Tips：在同一個section中，每道題的分值一樣，所以答題策略就是在有限的時間內，儘可能做對更多的題，遇到難題和糾結的題趕緊跳過，不要浪費時間。且答錯不扣分，就算不會，也不要空著。

▶GRE閱讀備考資料：

1、GRE閱讀機經350篇

2、GRE閱讀核心300詞

更多更詳細的GRE閱讀解題技巧，這篇高贊回答都會給你答案：

▶

GRE閱讀題型分類展示：

短閱讀：

Although social learning （the acquisition of specific behaviors by observing other individuals exhibiting those behaviors ） is well documented among fish， few studies have investigated social learning within a developmental context in these taxa。 Rather than investigating the development of a particular skill， Chapman， Ward， and Krause investigated the role of group density during development in later foraging success in laboratory-housed guppies。 When raised with a small number of conspecifics （members of the same species）， guppies were quicker to locate food by following a trained adult guppy than were guppies raised in large groups。 This counterintuitive finding is explained by the fact that guppies reared in the high-density condition were less likely to shoal （swim in a group ） with others and， therefore， were less likely to learn the benefits of social learning。 Instead， fish reared in high-density situations may learn that conspecifics are to be viewed as competitors， rather than as potential sources of adaptive information。 This finding suggests that at least for guppies， the early social environment may have an effect on the capacity for social learning， if not on the socially learned behaviors themselves。【選自真經GRE閱讀機經320篇】

1。 The primary purpose of the passage is to

A。 note a flaw in a scientific finding

B。 describe a particular scientific study

C。 present an interpretation of a finding

D。 note a difference between two scientific findings

E。 contrast two conditions in which a particular phenomenon has been observed

2。 Regarding research on fish， it can be inferred from the passage that

A。 research studies of the acquisition of important skills by fish have only recently begun to document the role of conspecifics in the learning process

B。 research on social learning in guppies suggests that guppies differ in important ways from most other fish in the means by which they learn particular skills

C。 research on social learning in fish has generally focused on the acquisition of skills other than foraging

D。 research has established that social learning occurs in some fish species without investigating the development context in which it occurs。

E。 research to investigate social learning has been done more extensively on fish than on other aquatic animals。

3。 Which of the following can be inferred about the study by Chapman， Ward， and Krause？

A。 It was initially designed to investigate something other than social learning。

B。 It required researchers to observe individual guppies at multiple points in their life spans。

C。 It pointed to the possibility that population density may have little to do with guppies’ social learning。

D。 It required the observation of guppies under conditions that closely mimicked the conditions of guppies in the wild。

E。 It indicated that guppies gain adaptive information from being reared with a relatively large number of conspecifics。

長閱讀：

此題型比較難，考試的時候如果遇到了，同學們可以先跳過，等其他題型做完了再來做這個。

Massive projectiles striking much larger bodies create various kinds of craters, including multi-ring basins–the largest geologic features observed on planets and moons.

In such collisions， the impactor is completely destroyed and its material is incorporated into the larger body。 Collison’s between bodies of comparable size， on the other hand， have very different consequences： one or both bodies might be entirely smashed， with mass from one or both the bodies redistributed among new objects formed from the fragments。 Such a titanic collision between Earth and a Mars-size impactor may have given rise to Earth’s Moon。

The Earth-Moon system has always been perplexing。 Earth is the only one of the inner planets with a large satellite， the orbit of which is neither in the equatorial plane of Earth nor in the plane in which the other planets lie。 The Moon’s mean density is much lower than that of Earth but is about the same as that of Earth’s mantle。 This similarity in density has long prompted speculation that the Moon split away from a rapidly rotating Earth， but this idea founders on two observations。 In order to spin off the Moon， Earth would have had to rotate so fast that a day would have lasted less than three hours。 Science offers no plausible explanation of how it could have slowed to its current rotational rate from that speed。 Moreover， the Moon’s composition， though similar to that of Earth’s mantle， is not a precise match。 Theorizing a titanic collision eliminates postulating a too-rapidly spinning Earth and accounts for the Moon’s peculiar composition。 In a titanic collision model， the bulk of the Moon would have formed from a combination of material from the impactor and Earth’s mantle。 Most of the earthly component would have been in the form of melted or vaporized matter。 The difficulty in recondensing this vapor in Earth’s orbit， and its subsequent loss to the vacuum of outer space， might account for the observed absence in lunar rocks of certain readily vaporized compounds and elements。

Unusual features of some other planets might also be explained by such impacts。 Mercury is known to have a high density in comparison with other rocky planets。 A titanic impact could have stripped away a portion of its rocky mantle， leaving behind a metallic core whose density is out of proportion with the original ratio of rock to metal。 A massive， glancing blow to Venus might have given it its anomalously slow spin and reversed direction of rotation。 Such conjectures are tempting， but， since no early planet was immune to titanic impacts， they could be used indiscriminately to explain away in a cavalier fashion every unusual planetary characteristic； still， we may now be beginning to discern the true role of titanic impacts in planetary history。 【選自真經GRE閱讀機經320篇】

1。 According to the passage， which of the following is true of the collisions mentioned in the highlighted sentence？

A。 They occur less frequently than do titanic collisions。

B。 They occur between bodies of comparable size。

C。 They occur primarily between planet-sized bodies。

D。 They result in the complete destruction of the impacting body。

E。 They result in mass being redistributed among newly formed objects。

2。 The author of the passage asserts which of the following about titanic collision models？

A。 Such models are conclusive with respect to certain anomalies within the solar system， but leave numerous other anomalies unexplained。

B。 Such models are more likely than are earlier models to account for the formation of multi-ring basins。

C。 Such models may be particularly useful in explaining what happens when the impacting bodies involved are of highly dissimilar mean densities。

D。 Such models have been tested to such a degree that they are quickly reaching the point where they can be considered definitive。

E。 Such models are so tempting that they run the risk of being used indiscriminately to explain unusual planetary features。

3。 The passage suggests that which of the following is true of the cited compounds and elements？

A。 They were created by reactions that took place during a titanic collision。

B。 They were supplied by an impactor that collided with Earth。

C。 They were once present on the Moon but were subsequently vaporized。

D。 They are rarely found on planet-size bodies in our solar system。

E。 They are present on Earth but not on the Moon。

4。 In the second paragraph， the author is primarily concerned with

A。 arguing in favor of a particular theory about the formation of the Earth-Moon system。

B。 summarizing conventional theories about the formation of the earth-Moon system。

C。 anticipating and responding to criticisms of a particular theory about the formation of the Earth-Moon system。

D。 explaining why the Earth-Moon system is considered scientifically perplexing。

E。 questioning an assumption underlying one theory about the formation of the Earth-Moon system。

邏輯單題：

An alarming number of Mediterranean monk seals， an endangered species， have recently died。 Postmortem analysis showed the presence of an as yet unidentified virus， as well as evidence of a known bacterial toxin。 Seawater samples from the area where the seals died did contain unusually high concentrations of the toxic bacterium。 Therefore， although both viruses and bacterial toxins can kill seals， it is more likely that these deaths were the result of the bacterial toxin。 【選自真經GRE閱讀機經320篇】

Which of the following， if true， provides additional evidence to support the conclusion？

A。 Viruses are much more difficult to identify in postmortem analysis than bacteria are。

B。 Mediterranean monk seals are the only species of seal in the area where the bacterium was found。

C。 The bacterium is almost always present in the water in at least small concentrations。

D。 Nearly all the recent deaths were among adult seals， but young seals are far more susceptible to viruses than are adult seals。

E。 Several years ago， a large number of monk seals died in the same area as a result of exposure to a different bacterial toxin。

二、GRE數學Quantitative

GRE數學題型：

比較大小題、單選題、不定項選擇題、數字填入題

主要考察的數學知識體系包括

：算數、代數、幾何、機率、統計。

GRE數學屬於中國學生的備考優勢科目，總體來看難度不高，但是也不能掉以輕心，近幾年來難度提升比較快，出現了一些難題和坑題，導致現在能考到滿分170分的學生比例大不如前。

所以想要拿滿分，需要大家全面的掌握知識點，學會識別一些ets給的坑點，考試的時候仔細再仔細，170也沒有那麼難。

▶GRE數學備考資料：

1、數學滿分寶典2。0

2、GRE最新數學機經400題

3、GRE數學機經200題

4、GRE數學難題170

5、最新數學回憶機經360

更詳細的數學備考攻略，看這篇：

以及以上提到的GRE數學資料的

使用指南

，保姆級教程：

▶GRE數學題型分類展示：

比較大小題

The lengths of the three sides of a triangle are 6， 8， and S。

Quantity A： S

Quantity B：10

A。 Quantity A is greater。

B。 Quantity B is greater。

C。 The two quantities are equal。

D。 The relationship cannot be determined from the information given。

【選自真經GRE數學最新機經400題】

單選題

If a train traveled 3，200 yards in 80 seconds， approximately what was the average speed of the train in miles per hour？ （1 mile = 1，760 yards）

A。 60

B。 70

C。 80

D。 90

E。 100

【選自真經GRE數學最新機經400題】

不定項選擇題

List K consists of 5 different positive integers， each of which is less than or equal to 20。 The range of the integers in K is 10。 List M consists of 4 of the integers in K and another integer that is 2 times the remaining integer in K。 Which of the following values could be the range of the 5 integers in M？

Indicate

all

such values。

A。 8

B。 15

C。 30

【選自真經GRE數學最新機經400題】

數字填入題

It cost a certain company a total of $7，150。00 to make and sell 6，500 widgets。 If the company sold each of the 6，500 widgets for $2。50， what was the company’s profit per widget？（Profit is equal to the selling price minus the cost。）【選自真經GRE數學最新機經400題】

三、GRE寫作Analytical Writing

考試時Issue先考，argument後考，且順序不可調，每個部分30分鐘。

字數要求：450到500字。

Issue和Argument這兩種題型，代表了學術寫作中通常會用到的2種文體，

即“立論”和“駁論”。

⭐

issue

在Issue中，題幹會是一句非常簡練的句子，要求考生以此為主題，進行立論。

和雅思大作文以及託福獨立寫作看起來就像親兄弟，

但其實issue要比語言類考試中的寫作部分難得多，

像政治類題目就是高頻題，需要我們對社會現象有所積累。

和語言考試不一樣的地方是，

issue不允許大家在中心句後面直接跟例子，必須先用自己的話對中心句進行支援性論述，且issue不可以舉我們個人的例子，只能是社會現象和名人事例。

總結來說，issue想要拿4分，要做到下面這幾點：

1、不跑題

2、有拆分

3、有論述

4、有例子和分析

▶

Issue題目展示：

As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems， the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate。

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take。 In developing and supporting your position， you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position。【選自ETS官方題庫】

給大家一篇issue的範文，大家看看GRE高分issue長什麼樣

，同時還有GRE寫作名師路莎老師對範文做的分析：

點開看大圖

⭐

argument

在argument中

，題幹則是一整段話，要求考生從這段話中找出邏輯漏洞，並進行攻擊。

這種題型是獨屬於GRE和GMAT的，對於小白同學來講，可以先從argument開始學習。

對於argument來說，

對邏輯錯誤的細緻攻擊遠遠比華麗的語言更重要

，不僅要找出邏輯錯

誤，更要有細節支撐，這也意味著對同學們的邏輯辯證思維能力要求比較高。

▶

Argument做題步驟：

①找出作者結論

②梳理作者推導邏輯

③確認推導過程中的邏輯錯誤

④挑選恰當的邏輯錯誤進行深刻攻擊

▶

Argument題目展示：

The following appeared in a memorandum from a dean at Omega University。

“Fifteen years ago， Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their professors。 Since that time， Omega professors have begun to assign higher grades in their classes， and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by thirty percent。 Potential employers apparently believe the grades at Omega are inflated； this would explain why Omega graduates have not been as successful at getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha University。 To enable its graduates to secure better jobs， Omega University should now terminate student evaluation of professors。” 【選自ETS官方題庫】

同樣，這裡也給出一篇argument的高分範文以及路莎老師的詳細分析：

點開看大圖

篇幅原因，GRE範文精析我各放了1篇，剩下還有4篇issue和4篇argument，如果大家需要，可以找我領取pdf版本，留言即可。

如何提高GRE作文的分數，其實是有很多方法和技巧的，之前我們的一篇高贊文章也詳細的講了思路，內容比較乾貨，看完一定會有收穫：

以上就是對GRE考試的一個科普，GRE雖然邏輯很難，但是好在套路明確，所以方法明確。只要掌握了方法技巧，加上科學的備考策略，分數都是水到渠成的事。

大家有什麼關於GRE的問題或者需要哪個GRE的備考資料都可以留言，看到了會及時回覆。

祝同學們都能順利出分~

都看到這裡了順便也點個贊吧~

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2018—2021上半年共計101場考試的機經真題給大家彙總好了：

GRE單詞資料彙總看這篇：

2021年GRE真題高頻題（全科+解析）看這篇：

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GRE模考：

GRE成績不小心被cancel：

GRE考試查不到成績：

申請季GRE送分流程：